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1.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 11(4): 411-417, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893282

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un enjuague oral de extracto acuoso de Rosmarinus Officinalis (romero) sobre la cicatrización de heridas de mucosa oral en sujetos sanos. Veintiocho estudiantes, de sexo masculino, edad promedio de 22 años, fueron reclutados para un estudio de doble ciego en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción, Chile. Se creó una herida estándar de 3 mm de diámetro en la mucosa palatina, que fue fotografiada durante un período de 21 días para determinar su tamaño por fotoplanimetría. Los voluntarios recibieron enjuagues orales para ser utilizados a diario desde el día de creación de la herida, 3 veces al día, y fueron divididos en grupo control (enjuague placebo) y grupo experimental (enjuague de extracto de romero). El extracto acuoso de Romero fue analizado por HPLC, mostrando un alto contenido de carnosol (83 %) y ácido rosmarínico (65 %). Se observó una disminución significativa en el tamaño de la herida del grupo tratado con enjuague de romero comparado con el tratado con enjuague placebo al día 3 de cicatrización (20 %, p=0,046, Mann-Whitney). Posteriormente no se encontraron diferencias, completándose la cicatrización antes del día 21 para ambos grupos. Los resultados sugieren que el enjuagatorio de extracto acuoso de romero favorece la cicatrización temprana de las heridas, lo que puede deberse a su alto contenido de carnosol y ácido rosmarínico que han demostrado estimular la cicatrización y poseer actividad antimicrobiana.


ABSTRACT: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a mouthrinse containing an aqueous extract of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) on healing wounds of the oral mucosa in healthy subjects. Twenty Eight healthy, non-smoking male students, mean age 22 years, were recruited for a double-blind study at the School of Dentistry of the University of Concepción, Chile. A standard 3mm wound was created on the palate with a punch biopsy. The wounds were photographed to assess healing for 21 days. The subjects were instructed to use a mouthrinse 3 times daily for 21 days, starting the day of wounding, and were divided into a control group (placebo) and an experimental group (rosemary extract). The aqueous rosemary extract used for the mouthrinse had a high content of carnosol (83 %) and rosmarinic acid (65 %) as determined by HPLC. We observed a 20 % reduction in wound size by day 3 in the rosemary mouthrinse group as compared to the placebo mouthrinse group (p=0.04, Mann Whitney). Thereafter, no significant differences in wound closure were observed. Healing was completed by day 21 in both groups. The results suggest that the mouthrinse containing the aqueous rosemary extract stimulates early healing of mucosal wounds. This could be due to the high content of carnosol and rosmarinic acid, which are known for their healing and antimicrobial properties.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Rosmarinus/chemistry , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Wound Healing , Chile , Statistics, Nonparametric , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use
2.
Homeopatia Méx ; 86(709): 34-40, jul.-ago. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, HomeoIndex | ID: biblio-987137

ABSTRACT

Cuando se busca información sobre el Organon de la Medicina en español casi siempre surge el nombre del doctor Rafael Romero. Son muy pocos y dispersos los datos que existen sobre este personaje, a pesar de haber sido el primer traductor al español de la sexta edición del Organon y de haber trabajado incansablemente en favor de la Homeopatía. Esta información ayudará a que exista una semblanza más amplia sobre su trayectoria, un acto de justicia histórica para alguien que colaboró para que el mundo homeopático hispano conociera las últimas aportaciones del doctor Samuel Hahnemann. (AU)


When searching for information about the Organon de la Medicina in Spanish, almost always the name of Dr. Rafael Romero appears. Very few and scattered are the data that exist about this personage, in spite of having been the first translator to the Spanish of the sixth edition of Organon and of having worked tirelessly in favor of Homeopathy. This information will help to give a broader picture of his career, an act of historical justice for someone who helped the Hispanic homeopathic world to know the latest contributions of Dr. Hahnemann. (AU)


Subject(s)
Homeopathy , Mexico
3.
Rev. mex. ing. bioméd ; 38(1): 255-264, ene.-abr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902343

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El quitosano (CH) tiene propiedades hemostáticas, cicatrizantes y estimulantes del sistema inmune del hospedero contra infecciones virales y bacterianas. Además es biodegradable, no tóxico, antimicrobiano, biocompatible y filmogénico. Estas propiedades han sido utilizadas para acarrear y liberar compuestos bioactivos para sus posibles usos en la salud humana. Por otro lado, los compuestos bioactivos como los aceites esenciales de gran volatilidad como romero (RMO) [Rosmarinus officinalis] y árbol de té (TTO) [Melaleuca alternifolia], pueden ser alternativa importante de uso como antioxidantes y antimicrobianos que podrían inducir cambios favorables en la membrana de CH. Por lo tanto, se incorporaron aceites esenciales de TTO y RMO (0.25, 0.50 y 1.00% v/v) en membranas de CH por el método de casting y se evaluaron su solubilidad, PVA, transparencia y capacidad de bloqueo de la luz ultravioleta, capacidad antioxidante y de protección del eritrocito humano. RMO y TTO redujeron la solubilidad (28-58%) y PVA (entre 28-58%) de las membranas de CH. Todas las membranas fueron amarillas, ligeramente opacas y con capacidad de bloquear la luz ultravioleta. También, las membranas mostraron relativa baja capacidad antioxidante por el radical ABTS (≈ 6 at 9 %), pero con excelente efecto protector sobre el eritrocito humano (> 63 %).


ABSTRACT: Chitosan (CH) has hemostatic properties and accelerated healing ability to stimulate the host immune system against viral and bacterial infections. It is also biodegradable, nontoxic, antimicrobial, biocompatible, and capable of forming membranes and to carry and to release bioactive compounds. These properties of CH can be useful to carry some volatile essential oils having bioactive compounds (antioxidants and antimicrobials) with potential application in human health as those as rosemary (RMO) [Rosmarinus officinalis] and tea tree (TTO) [Melaleuca alternifolia]. These essential oils were incorporated into the chitosan by the casting method in this study. The physical properties (solubility, PVA, transparency and blocking ultraviolet light) of these membranes with TTO and RMO (0.25, 0.50 and 1.00% v/v), antioxidant capacity and protection human erythrocyte were evaluated. TTO and RMO reduced solubility (28-58%) and PVA (between 28-58%) of CH membranes. All membranes were yellow, slightly opaque and they were able to block the ultraviolet light. Membranes also showed relatively low antioxidant capacity by the radical ABTS (≈ 6 at 9%), but it was accompanied by an excellent protective effect on the human erythrocyte (> 63%).

4.
Vitae (Medellín) ; 24(2): 113-123, 2017. Ilustraciones
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-994663

ABSTRACT

Background: Several investigations report to rosemary as a plant rich in bioactive components with antioxidant potential, in this work, a rosemary extract was obtained that combined with ascorbyl palmitate provides a synergistic protection to a high fat diet (palm olein). Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two extracts of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis): AP10R and AP30R at three concentrations of 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm, on the oxidative stability of palm oil subjected to accelerated oxidation conditions and in a frying process. Methods: Lipid peroxidation of palm olein with and without antioxidants was monitored by measuring the concentration of hydroperoxides and total polar compounds; the thermal stability of the phenolic compounds in the oil was evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: The AP10R extract at 2000 ppm inhibited olein oxidation by 30% and 60% in terms of total hydroperoxide and polar concentrations, respectively. The AP30 extract at 2000 ppm had similar inhibition behaviors with values of 27% of total hydroperoxides and 54% by total polar compounds in a time from 20 to 25 h. Conclusions: The results indicated that heating reduces the concentration of polyphenols; this decrease was more evident in olein without antioxidants, reflecting the effect of the polyphenols of rosemary extract on the thermal stability of palm olein.


Antecedentes: Diversas investigaciones reportan al romero como una planta rica en componentes bioactivos con potencial antioxidante, en este trabajo, se obtuvo un extracto de romero que combinado con ascorbil palmitato brinda una protección sinérgica a un sistema alimenticio con alto contenido graso (oleína de palma). Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la adición de dos extractos de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis): AP10R y AP30R a tres concentraciones de 1000, 1500 y 2000 ppm, sobre la estabilidad oxidativa del aceite de palma sometido a condiciones de oxidación acelerada y en un proceso de fritura. Métodos: La peroxidación lipídica de la oleína de palma con y sin antioxidantes fue monitoreada midiendo la concentración de hidroperóxidos y los compuestos polares totales; la estabilidad térmica de los compuestos fenólicos en el aceite se evaluó por espectroscopia de fluorescencia. Resultados: El extracto AP10R a 2000 ppm inhibió la oxidación de oleína en 30% y 60% en términos de la concentración de hidroperóxidos y polares totales, respectivamente. El extracto AP30 a 2000 ppm tuvo comportamientos similares de inhibición con valores de 27% para hidroperóxidos y 54% para el contenido de fenoles totales en un tiempo de 20 a 25 h. Conclusiones: Los resultados indicaron que el calentamiento disminuye la concentración de polifenoles; esta disminución fue más evidente en la oleína sin antioxidantes, reflejando el efecto de los polifenoles del extracto de romero sobre la estabilidad térmica de la oleína de palma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Palmitates , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Palm Oil , Antioxidants
5.
Edumecentro ; 8(4): 21-37, oct.-dic. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-828692

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: la formación del profesional del sistema nacional de salud cubano debe tener un alto rigor teórico y desempeño práctico; y para ello necesita de la labor de docentes con probada competencia profesional. Objetivo: reseñar aspectos de la vida y obra del Doctor en Ciencias Pedagógicas Edgar Francisco Romero Monteagudo. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de tipo documental, en el año 2016, en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico: análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción e histórico-lógico, para el estudio del tema y la conformación del cuerpo metodológico del texto redactado; y del nivel empírico: el análisis documental de materiales históricos, como fuentes fidedignas del conocimiento de esta personalidad, además fueron consultados informantes clave. Resultados: se reseña la vida y obra del Dr. C. Edgar Francisco Romero Monteagudo, como homenaje póstumo a su desaparición física, y para enriquecer el conocimiento sobre la historia de 50 años de la educación médica en la región central, específicamente en el desarrollo de la Psicología. Se reconocen, de modo especial, su abnegación, sentido de la laboriosidad, y su pretensión de contribuir con su firmeza y constancia al magno empeño de la formación de médicos, psicólogos y otros especialistas, tomando como fortalezas de su desempeño su sabiduría y el afán de actualizar sus conocimientos de manera incesante, lo cual le proporcionó una vasta cultura. Conclusiones: profundizar en la vida y obra de personalidades que han sido paradigmas de la docencia médica es oportuno y fomenta el mérito.


Background: the training of professionals in the Cuban national health system must have a high theoretical rigor and practical performance; and therefore it needs the work of teachers with proven professional competence. Objective: to review aspects of the life and work of Ph D. in Pedagogical Sciences Edgar Francisco Romero Monteagudo. Methods: a documentary research was carried out, in 2016, at Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction and the historical-logical for the study of the topic and methodological body shaping of the written text; and empirical ones: the documentary analyses of historical materials, as reliable sources of knowledge on this personality, key informants were also consulted. Results: the life and work of Ph D. Edgar Francisco Romero Monteagudo, is reviewed, as posthumous tribute to his physical disappearance and to enrich the knowledge about the history of 50 years of medical education in the central region, specifically in the development of Psychology. In a special way, his dedication, sense of industriousness, and his claim to contribute with his strength and perseverance to the magnum commitment to the training of doctors, psychologists and other specialists are recognized , having as strengths of his performance his wisdom and desire to update his knowledge incessantly, which gave him a vast culture. Conclusions: deepen inside the life and work of personalities who have been paradigms of medical education is appropriate and promotes merit


Subject(s)
Education, Medical , Ethics, Professional , Faculty, Medical
6.
Arq. ciênc. vet. zool. UNIPAR ; 16(2): 129-136, jul-dez. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-718776

ABSTRACT

Objetivando reduzir os impactos ambientais decorrentes do acúmulo de plásticos sintéticos, estão sendo desenvolvidas embalagens derivadas de polímeros renováveis, os chamados filmes biodegradáveis. Empregados na cobertura de produtos desidratados e frescos são capazes de conservar suas características sensoriais, valor nutritivo e evitar o desenvolvimento de micro-organismos (MO). Com este intuito, foram produzidos filmes com amido acetilado, gelatina e plastificante impregnados com óleos essenciais de Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd e Rosmarinus officinalis nas concentrações de 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2 e 3% (em relação à massa total do filme). Os parâmetros avaliados foram a espessura, solubilidade, opacidade e a capacidade de inibição microbiana frente aos micro-organismos Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Candida albicans. Após a adição do óleo, observou-se redução na espessura nos filmes contendo R. officinalis quando comparados ao controle negativo (CN). Já nos filmes com T. riparia, os valores foram semelhantes ao CN, indicando melhor compatibilidade entre reagentes dos filmes a esse óleo. As solubilidades desses filmes aumentaram ao incorporar os óleos, exceto nos filmes com 0,25 e 1% do óleo de T. riparia, em que os valores ficaram próximos ao CN. A opacidade dos filmes com óleo de R. officinalis aumentou com o aumento da concentração deste óleo na composição do filme, porém nos filmes com T. Riparia, ocorreu o contrário a opacidade diminuiu com o acréscimo deste óleo nos filmes. Quanto ao filme incorporado com cloranfenicol, nos três parâmetros não houve diferenças significativas ao compará-lo com o CN. No teste microbiológico, para todos os filmes analisados, os MO demonstraram resistência comparados aos halos formados pelo controle positivo. Portanto, novos estudos deverão ser realizados, objetivando aumentar a compatibilidade dos filmes com os óleos, bem como novos óleos poderão ser analisados.


In order to reduce the environmental impacts resulting from the accumulation of synthetic plastic, packaging derived from renewable polymers are being developed, which are known as biodegradable films. Used in dried and fresh products, they are able to retain their sensory characteristics and nutritional value, as well as preventing the development of microorganisms (MO). For this purpose, films with acetylated starch, gelatin and plasticizer impregnated with Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3% (relative to the total weight of the film) have been developed. This paper assessed the thickness, solubility, opacity and the capacity to inhibit Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in these films. After the addition of oil, a decrease in the thickness of film incorporated with R. officinalis could be observed when compared to the negative control (NC). However, the film incorporated with T. riparia, the values were similar to the NC, indicating better compatibility between the film reagents and this oil. The solubility of these films increased when the oils were incorporated, except for the films with concentration of 0.25 and 1% of T. riparia oil, in which the values were close to the NC. The opacity of the films with R. officinalis oil increased with the increase in the concentration of oil in the composition of the film. However, in the films with T. riparia, the opposite could be noticed, that is, the opacity decreased with the addition of this oil in the films. For the films with chloramphenicol, there were no significant differences for the three parameters measured when compared to the NC. In the microbiological test, for all films analyzed, the MO showed resistance compared to the inhibition formed by the positive control. Therefore, further studies should be conducted in order to increase the compatibility of the films with the oils, as well as analyzing new oils;


Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/analysis , Environment/adverse effects , Manihot , Myrrha/pharmacology
7.
Rev. cuba. plantas med ; 18(2): 237-246, abr.-jun. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-675531

ABSTRACT

Introducción: se estudió la composición química por cromatografía gaseosa-espectrometría de masa de tres aceites esenciales extraídos de romero, tomillo y cúrcuma, plantas muy utilizadas en Colombia para la industria alimentaria, en especial como condimento. Adicionalmente se evaluaron estos aceites obtenidos frente a dos cepas grampositivas y dos cepas gramnegativas. Objetivo: determinar la composición química y las constantes físicas (densidad e índice de refacción) de los aceites esenciales de romero, tomillo y cúrcuma en 3 meses diferentes del año, así como evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de cada uno frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 y Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 y Salmonella tiphymurium ATCC 14028s. Métodos: los aceites esenciales se obtuvieron a partir del material vegetal fresco, en un equipo de destilación por arrastre con vapor, luego se caracterizaron por cromatografía gaseosa-espectrometría de masa y según los protocolos reportados en la literatura, se obtuvieron sus propiedades físicas; la actividad antibacteriana se hizo mediante la metodología de difusión en agar modificado. Resultados: mediante el análisis de los aceites por cromatografía gaseosa-espectrometría de masa se pueden observar los componentes mayoritarios de cada una de las plantas. Para el caso del romero resultó piperitona (21,9 %), α-pineno (14,9 %) y linalool (14,9 %); para el tomillo 1,8-cineol (21,5 %) y o-cimeno (17,9 %); y para la cúrcuma, turmerona (36,9 %), α-turmerona (18,9 %) y ß-turmerona (13,6 %). Además, los resultados de los aceites esenciales de la actividad antibacteriana in vitro frente a cepas grampositivas y gramnegativas por el método de difusión en agar modificado, con la cepa Staphylococcus aureus que resultó ser el microorganismo más sensible. Conclusiones: se determinaron los componentes de cada uno de los aceites esenciales y aunque se recolectaron en 3 meses diferentes del año su composición química no varió; además, las propiedades físicas encontradas de cada uno de los aceites se compararon con estudios previos, por otra parte, los aceites inhiben la cepa bacteriana de Staphylococcus aureus con un porcentaje considerable.


Introduction: the chemical composition of three essential oils extracted from rosemary, thyme and turmeric was determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. These plants are commonly used in the Colombian food industry, mostly as seasonings. The oils were also evaluated against two gram-positive and two gram-negative strains. Objective: determine the chemical composition and physical constants (density and refractive index) of essential oils of rosemary, thyme and turmeric in 3 different months of the year, and evaluate the antibacterial activity of each against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028s. Methods: the essential oils were obtained from fresh plant material using a steam distillation apparatus. They were then characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry following the protocols reported in the bibliography. Determination was made of the physical properties of the oils. Antibacterial activity was determined by the modified agar diffusion method. Results: analysis of the oils by gas chromatography mass spectrometry revealed the most abundant components in each of the plants. These were piperitone (21.9 %), α-pinene (14.9 %) and linalool (14.9%) for rosemary; 1,8-cineole (21.5 %) and o-cymene (17.9 %) for thyme; and turmerone (36.9 %), α-turmerone (18.9 %) and ß-turmerone (13.6 %) for turmeric. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils against gram-positive and gram-negative strains was determined in vitro by the modified agar diffusion method. The Staphylococcus aureus strain was found to be the most sensitive microorganism. Conclusions: determination was made of the components of each essential oil. Despite the fact that they were collected in 3 different months of the year, their chemical composition remained unaltered. The physical properties found in each oil were compared with those reported by previous studies. The oils inhibit the Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain in a considerable proportion.

8.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(2): 666-672, jun. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-651848

ABSTRACT

The present work was aimed at studying the antifertility potential of the commonly used herb, rosemary in the male albino rats using electron microscopy as the method of investigation. Ethanolic extract of the rosmary prepared and administered orally in two different doses for a period of three months to the animals. At the end of the experiment animals were sacrificed and testes removed. Sections for the electrone microscopy prepared and changes were observed. The present results showed evident microscopic changes in the testis of the animals received higher dose of the drug. Most of the seminiferous tubules were compressed, having irregular basement membrane and devoid of any spermatogenic cells. The present work revealed a clear morphological evidence of the dose dependent antifertility potential of the rosemary in the male albino rats.


El trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar el potencial anti-fertilidad de la hierba de uso común, el romero, en ratas albinas macho utilizando microscopía electrónica como método de investigación. El extracto etanólico del romero se preparó y administró por vía oral a los animales en dos dosis diferentes durante un período de tres meses. Los animales experimentales se sacrificaron y se retiraron sus testículos. Se prepararon secciones para microscopía electrónica y se observaron los cambios. Los resultados mostraron cambios microscópicos evidentes en los testículos de los animales que recibieron una dosis mayor del medicamento. La mayoría de los túbulos seminíferos se observaron comprimidos, con una membrana basal irregular y carente de células espermatogénicas. El presente trabajo revela una clara evidencia morfológica de una posible anti-fertilidad dependiente de la dosis del romero administrada en las ratas albinas macho.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Fertility , Rosmarinus/administration & dosage , Testis/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Rosmarinus , Testis
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